UNICODE INC

Financials

From the e-filed returns the IRS publishes as XML (latest three processing years; amended returns replace the original). PDF copies at the IRS.

Officers, directors and key employees

As listed on the 990 for the year ended December 31, 2025, highest compensation first.

Address and contacts

Address (IRS master file)

611 GATEWAY BLVD STE 120, S SAN FRAN, CA 94080-7066

In care of

% LISA MOORE

Principal officer (990 for 2025)

TORAL D COWIESON, 611 GATEWAY BLVD 120, SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94080

Signed the 990

TORAL D COWIESON, CEO

Phone

(408) 401-8915

Website

HOME.UNICODE.ORG

Return prepared by

WIPFLI ADVISORY LLC

California records

California keeps its own records of charities and corporations. Search them by EIN 77-0269756 or by the name UNICODE INC.

Attorney General, Registry of Charities and Fundraisers

Registration status and filed reports (CT-TR-1, RRF-1)

Secretary of State, bizfile Online

Corporation status, entity number, agent for service

Franchise Tax Board

Entity status letter (state tax exemption, good standing)

Mission

THIS CORPORATION IS A NONPROFIT PUBLIC BENEFIT CORPORATION AND IS NOT ORGANIZED FOR THE PRIVATE GAIN OF ANY PERSON. IT IS ORGANIZED UNDER THE NONPROFIT PUBLIC BENEFIT CORPORATION LAW FOR PUBLIC AND CHARITABLE PURPOSES. THIS CORPORATION'S SPECIFIC PURPOSE SHALL BE TO ENABLE PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD TO USE COMPUTERS IN ANY LANGUAGE, BY PROVIDING FREELY AVAILABLE SPECIFICATIONS, LIBRARY CODE, AND DATA TO FORM THE FOUNDATION FOR SOFTWARE INTERNATIONALIZATION IN ALL MAJOR OPERATING SYSTEMS, SEARCH ENGINES, APPLICATIONS, AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB. AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THIS PURPOSE IS TO STANDARDIZE, MAINTAIN, EDUCATE AND ENGAGE ACADEMIC AND SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITIES, AND THE GENERAL PUBLIC ABOUT, MAKE PUBLICLY AVAILABLE, PROMOTE, AND DISSEMINATE TO THE PUBLIC A STANDARD CHARACTER ENCODING THAT PROVIDES FOR AN ALLOCATION FOR MORE THAN A MILLION CHARACTERS.

Program accomplishments

• COMMON LOCALE DATA REPOSITORY (CLDR)WHEN AN APP FORMATS A DATE AS "APRIL 28" FOR AN AMERICAN USER AND "28 APRIL" FOR A BRITISH ONE, OR GOOGLE FORMATS A PRICE IN BRAZILIAN REALS, OR WINDOWS SORTS A LIST IN JAPANESE ALPHABETICAL ORDER, THAT BEHAVIOR IS POWERED BY THE UNICODE COMMON LOCALE DATA REPOSITORY (CLDR).CLDR IS THE WORLD'S LARGEST AND MOST COMPREHENSIVE REPOSITORY OF LOCALE DATA, AND IT SERVES AS THE SHARED BACKBONE THAT ALLOWS THE TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY TO BUILD PRODUCTS THAT FEEL NATIVE TO USERS EVERYWHERE. ADOBE, AIRBNB, APPLE, GOOGLE, MICROSOFT, META, AND HUNDREDS OF OTHER COMPANIES RELY ON CLDR RATHER THAN MAINTAINING THEIR OWN FRAGMENTED, REDUNDANT DATASETS, BECAUSE THE PROBLEM IT SOLVES IS VAST.EVERY LANGUAGE AND CULTURE CARRIES ITS OWN CONVENTIONS: HOW DATES AND TIMES ARE WRITTEN, HOW NUMBERS AND CURRENCIES ARE FORMATTED, HOW NAMES ARE ORDERED, WHICH CALENDAR SYSTEM IS USED, WHICH UNITS OF MEASUREMENT ARE STANDARD, HOW LISTS ARE SORTED, AND EVEN WHAT EMOJI ARE CALLED. CAPTURING ALL OF THIS ACCURATELY AND KEEPING IT CURRENT FOR MORE THAN 90 LANGUAGES REQUIRES CONTINUOUS COLLABORATION WITH LINGUISTS, TRANSLATORS, AND REGIONAL EXPERTS AROUND THE WORLD. THAT WORK IS COORDINATED BY THE UNICODE CLDR TECHNICAL COMMITTEE, WHICH COLLECTS DATA, VETS CHANGES, RESOLVES DISPUTES, AND PUBLISHES REGULAR UPDATES.THE RESULT FLOWS DIRECTLY INTO THE TOOLS DEVELOPERS USE EVERY DAY. CLDR DATA IS EMBEDDED IN WIDELY USED SOFTWARE LIBRARIES INCLUDING ICU4J, ICU4C, AND ICU4X; IN PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES LIKE JAVA AND JAVASCRIPT; AND IN OPERATING SYSTEMS INCLUDING ANDROID, IOS, WINDOWS, AND MACOS. WHEN A DEVELOPER NEEDS THEIR APP TO BEHAVE CORRECTLY IN SWAHILI OR SLOVAK, THEY DON'T BUILD THAT KNOWLEDGE FROM SCRATCH; THEY INHERIT IT FROM CLDR.THE VALUE IS SUBSTANTIAL. BY MAINTAINING A SINGLE AUTHORITATIVE SOURCE OF LOCALE DATA AS A PUBLIC GOOD, UNICODE ELIMINATES THE NEED FOR EVERY TECHNOLOGY COMPANY TO DUPLICATE THIS EXPENSIVE, SPECIALIZED RESEARCH INDEPENDENTLY, SAVING THE INDUSTRY ENORMOUS ENGINEERING TIME AND COST, AND ACCELERATING THE DELIVERY OF LOCALIZED PRODUCTS TO USERS WORLDWIDE.2025 CLDR HIGHLIGHTS (RELEASES 47 & 48)ON TRACK FOR PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENTS, PROGRESS, TRACKING FOR V46MESSAGE FORMAT 2.0, PERSON NAME VALIDATION, KEYBOARDS, DDLDIGITALLY DISADVANTAGED LANGUAGE COVERAGE. WORK CONTINUED TO DDL COVERAGE, WITH MANY DDL NOW WITH HIGHER COVERAGE LEVELS: MODERN (ADDED AKAN, BASHKIR, CHUVASH, KAZAKH (ARABIC), ROMANSH, SHAN, QUECHUA - SUITABLE FOR FULL UI INTERNATIONALIZATION MODERATE (ADDED ANTI, ESPERANTO) - SUITABLE FOR "DOCUMENT CONTENT" INTERNATIONALIZATION, EG. IN SPREADSHEET BASIC (ADDED BURIAT, PIEDMONTESE, SICILIAN, TUVINIAN) - SUITABLE FOR LOCALE SELECTION, EG. CHOICE OF LANGUAGE ON MOBILE PHONE
  Expenses $240,523 · revenue $88,086
• UNICODE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE (UTC)EVERY TIME SOMEONE READS A WEB PAGE, SENDS A MESSAGE, RESPONDS WITH AN EMOJI, SCROLLS THROUGH SHOW TITLES ON THEIR TV, OR DOES ANYTHING WITH TEXT - WHETHER IN ENGLISH, ARABIC, TAMIL, OR ANY OTHER LANGUAGE - THEY ARE RELYING ON UNICODE WITHOUT EVER KNOWING IT.THE UNICODE STANDARD ASSIGNS A UNIQUE NUMERIC CODE TO MORE THAN 157,000 CHARACTERS SPANNING THOUSANDS OF LANGUAGES, SCRIPTS, AND SYMBOL SYSTEMS, FROM ANCIENT HIEROGLYPHICS TO MODERN EMOJI. BUT UNICODE IS MORE THAN A SIMPLE LOOKUP TABLE. EACH CHARACTER CARRIES PRECISELY DEFINED PROPERTIES THAT GOVERN HOW IT BEHAVES ACROSS TEXT OPERATIONS: HOW LETTERS COMBINE, HOW LINES BREAK, HOW TEXT FLOWS RIGHT-TO-LEFT IN ARABIC OR HEBREW, AND HOW CHARACTERS SORT AND COMPARE ACROSS SYSTEMS.TOGETHER, THESE TWO ELEMENTS - UNIVERSAL ENCODING AND BEHAVIORAL SPECIFICATION - GIVE SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS AND PLATFORM BUILDERS A SINGLE, AUTHORITATIVE STANDARD TO IMPLEMENT, SO THAT A MESSAGE COMPOSED ON A PHONE IN LAGOS RENDERS CORRECTLY ON A LAPTOP IN SEOUL. THE RESULT IS A WORLD WHERE BILLIONS OF PEOPLE CAN COMMUNICATE SEAMLESSLY ACROSS DEVICES, PLATFORMS, AND LANGUAGES, WITH UNICODE WORKING QUIETLY BENEATH EVERY CHARACTER.THE UTC COLLABORATES WITH LINGUISTS, EDUCATORS, ACADEMICS, SOFTWARE PROGRAMMERS, INTERNATIONALIZATION EXPERTS, AND OTHERS IN GLOBAL ORGANIZATIONS TO OVERSEE, DEFINE, MODIFY, AND APPROVE THE SPECIFICATIONS AND DATA THAT ALLOW ANY COMPUTER, SMARTPHONE, OR DEVICE TO CONSISTENTLY DISPLAY TEXT IN THE LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD.2025 HIGHLIGHTSIMPROVED PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THE UNICODE STANDARD YIELDING BETTER GENERATION, DISCOVERY, AND ACCESSCONTINUED UPDATING OF PROCESS FOR ENCODINGRELEASED THE UNICODE STANDARD 17.0, ADDING 4,803 NEW CHARACTERS (INCLUDING THE SAUDI RIYAL SIGN), INCLUDING FOUR NEW SCRIPTS, EIGHT NEW EMOJI CHARACTERS, AS WELL AS MANY OTHER CHARACTERS AND SYMBOLS, BRINGING THE TOTAL OF ENCODED CHARACTERS TO 159,801.
  Expenses $109,740 · revenue $88,086
• INTERNATIONAL COMPONENTS FOR UNICODE (ICU)SOFTWARE DOES NOT BECOME MULTILINGUAL BY ACCIDENT. IT REQUIRES A RELIABLE, PURPOSE-BUILT IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UNICODE STANDARD AND ITS ALGORITHMS, AND FOR MOST OF THE WORLD'S SOFTWARE, THAT IMPLEMENTATION IS ICU.ICU IS THE MOST WIDELY USED SET OF OPEN-SOURCE LIBRARIES FOR UNICODE AND INTERNATIONALIZATION SUPPORT. AVAILABLE IN C/C++ AND JAVA, WITH WRAPPERS IN PYTHON AND OTHER LANGUAGES, ICU GIVES DEVELOPERS A CONSISTENT, AUTHORITATIVE TOOLKIT FOR THE HARD PROBLEMS OF GLOBAL SOFTWARE: CONVERTING AND ENCODING TEXT SO IT CAN BE UNIVERSALLY EXCHANGED, RENDERING BIDIRECTIONAL TEXT CORRECTLY IN LANGUAGES LIKE ARABIC AND HEBREW, SEGMENTING TEXT INTO WORDS AND SENTENCES ACROSS SCRIPTS THAT DON'T USE SPACES, FORMATTING DATES AND NUMBERS TO MATCH LOCAL CONVENTIONS, AND APPLYING GRAMMAR RULES THAT VARY ACROSS LANGUAGES.OVER MORE THAN 25 YEARS, ICU HAS BECOME EMBEDDED INFRASTRUCTURE. IT IS BUILT INTO EVERY MAJOR OPERATING SYSTEM AND BROWSER, MEANING THAT BILLIONS OF PEOPLE INTERACT WITH ICU-POWERED SOFTWARE EVERY DAY WITHOUT REALIZING IT. AS THE UNICODE STANDARD EVOLVES, ICU EVOLVES WITH IT, INCORPORATING NEW UNICODE VERSIONS, UPDATED CLDR LOCALE DATA, REFINED ALGORITHMS, AND NEW FEATURES, SO THAT THE SOFTWARE BUILT ON TOP OF IT STAYS CURRENT WITH THE WORLD'S LANGUAGES AND THEIR COMMUNITIES.2025 ICU HIGHLIGHTSUPDATED TO UNICODE 17.0 CHARACTERS, DATA, AND ALGORITHMSIN SYNC WITH CLDR LOCALE DATAMODERNIZED C/J APIS FOR EASE OF USE, SIMPLER DEVELOPMENTRELEASED TECHNICAL PREVIEW OF THE UNICODE INFLECTION LIBRARY
  Expenses $65,726 · revenue $88,086
• INTERNATIONAL COMPONENTS FOR UNICODE 4X (ICU4X)BILLIONS OF PEOPLE NOW COME ONLINE THROUGH SMARTPHONES, SMART WATCHES, AND COMPACT LOW-RESOURCE DEVICES RATHER THAN DESKTOP BROWSERS, AND THAT SHIFT IS ACCELERATING, PARTICULARLY IN EMERGING MARKETS AND AMONG COMMUNITIES WHOSE LANGUAGES HAVE HISTORICALLY BEEN UNDERSERVED BY GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY.ICU4X IS UNICODE'S ANSWER TO THAT REALITY. BUILT IN RUST, ICU4X DELIVERS THE SAME CORE INTERNATIONALIZATION CAPABILITIES AS ICU BUT IN A LIGHTWEIGHT, MODULAR FORM DESIGNED FOR DEVICES THAT CANNOT RUN FULL ICU IMPLEMENTATIONS. IT IS ENGINEERED FOR CONSTRAINED ENVIRONMENTS WHERE MEMORY, PROCESSING POWER, AND BANDWIDTH ARE LIMITED, AND WHERE THE COST OF GETTING INTERNATIONALIZATION WRONG FALLS HARDEST ON COMMUNITIES THAT CAN LEAST AFFORD IT.ICU4X ALSO EXTENDS UNICODE'S REACH INTO THE BROADER PROGRAMMING ECOSYSTEM, BRINGING ROBUST INTERNATIONALIZATION SUPPORT TO THOUSANDS OF LANGUAGES AND PLATFORMS BEYOND C/C++ AND JAVA. THE ICU4X TECHNICAL COMMITTEE OVERSEES THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LIBRARY, ENSURING IT REMAINS TECHNICALLY RIGOROUS WHILE STAYING FOCUSED ON ITS CORE MISSION: MAKING SCALABLE INTERNATIONALIZATION ACCESSIBLE EVERYWHERE, FOR EVERYONE.2025 ICU4X HIGHLIGHTSRELEASED ICU4X 2.1 TO INCLUDE LATEST 118N DATA, CALENDAR IMPROVEMENTS, NORMALIZER OPTIMIZATIONS, AND COLLATION SORT KEYS
  Expenses $65,726 · revenue $88,086
• THE THIRD ANNUAL UNICODE TECHNOLOGY WORKSHOP SUPPORTED IN-PERSON COMMUNITY BUILDING AMONGST STUDENTS, YOUNG PROFESSIONALS, AND INTERNATIONALIZATION EXPERTS AND ENTHUSIASTS AROUND THE UNICODE TECHNOLOGY THAT MAKES SOFTWARE WORK FOR BILLIONS OF PEOPLE. THE EVENT INCLUDED A DAY OF TUTORIALS AND 2 SESSION DAYS WITH TWO TRACKS. THERE WERE MORE THAN 25 SESSIONS, INCLUDING WORKSHOPS, SEMINARS, FREE-FORM DISCUSSIONS, AND LIGHTNING TALKS CENTERED AROUND I18N LIBRARIES, LOCALE DATA FRAMEWORKS, GLOBALIZATION TOOLING, LOCALIZATION PIPELINES, INPUT METHODS, AND TEXT RENDERING. THE EVENT ALSO INCLUDED CASE STUDIES. 100% OF SURVEY RESPONDENTS SAID THEY WOULD RECOMMEND A UNICODE EVENT TO OTHERS.
  Expenses $7,260 · revenue $34,178

What it must file and when

IRS records say it files Form 990 or 990-EZ. Based on its last return; a smaller organization may file the 990-N. Its accounting year ends in December, so each return is due on the 15th day of the 5th month after that.

IRS record

EIN

77-0269756

Tax-exempt status

501(c)(3): Charitable, religious, educational or scientific organization

Foundation status

Publicly supported organization (509(a)(2))

Donations deductible (Pub 78)

Public charity, 50% deduction limit

Exempt since

2013

Accounting year ends

December

Files

Form 990 or 990-EZ

Category (NTEE)

Science and technology (U41)

Assets (IRS master file)

$1,798,480

Income (IRS master file)

$861,218

Filing history

990-N: the IRS bulk file holds only the latest e-Postcard per organization; earlier years come from archived copies of that file since 2020 and can have gaps (the IRS e-Postcard search lists every one). 990, 990-EZ, 990-PF, 990-T: every e-filed return in the IRS e-file index since 2019; XML for the latest three processing years, amounts from the IRS Statistics of Income extracts before that. PDF copies and determination letters at the IRS (search EIN 77-0269756).

Questions about UNICODE INC

What is the EIN of UNICODE INC?

The employer identification number (EIN) of UNICODE INC is 77-0269756.

Is UNICODE INC tax-exempt?

Yes. The IRS lists it as tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) since 2013.

Are donations to UNICODE INC tax-deductible?

Yes. It is listed in IRS Publication 78 (Public charity, 50% deduction limit).

Which annual return does UNICODE INC file?

Form 990 or 990-EZ. Based on its last return; a smaller organization may file the 990-N.

When is the next return of UNICODE INC due?

The return for tax year 2026 (the year ending December 31, 2026) is due May 17, 2027. Form 8868 extends it by six months; the 990-N cannot be extended.

When did UNICODE INC last file with the IRS?

The latest return in the IRS public files is the 990 for the year ended December 2025.

Who is the principal officer of UNICODE INC?

The 990 for the year ended December 31, 2025 names TORAL D COWIESON.

Who are the officers and directors of UNICODE INC?

The 990 for the year ended December 31, 2025 lists 13 people; 2 received compensation from the organization, the highest $264,456 (TORAL COWIESON, CEO).

How much revenue does UNICODE INC have?

On its 990 for the year ended December 31, 2025 it reported revenue of $860,373, expenses of $880,463 and total assets of $1,798,480 at year end.

Other nonprofits in S SAN FRAN

• GENENTECH PATIENT FOUNDATION
  EIN 46-0500266 · last filed 990-PF for 2024
• ASPIRANET
  EIN 94-2442955 · last filed 990 for 2025
• WEST COAST CONFERENCE
  EIN 23-7286818 · last filed 990 for 2025
• CALIFORNIA GOLF CLUB OF SAN FRANCISCO
  EIN 94-0358300 · last filed 990 for 2025
• ROTAPLAST INTERNATIONAL INC
  EIN 94-3247677 · last filed 990 for 2024
• FRIENDS TO PARENTS
  EIN 23-7420710 · last filed 990 for 2025
• CITY OF SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO VEBA HEALTH SAVINGS TRUST
  EIN 46-5297770 · last filed 990 for 2024
• SITIKE
  EIN 94-3065810 · last filed 990 for 2025

All nonprofits in S SAN FRAN · California · Science and technology